Пока я пью кофеPresent Perfect и Past Simple
Past Simple — закрытое прошлое с понятным «когда». Present Perfect — прошлое, которое связано с «сейчас»: опыт, результат, «уже», «ещё не».
Past Simple: когда именно
Есть время или ситуация в прошлом: yesterday, last year, in 2019, on Monday, when I was a child. He read the email on Monday.
Present Perfect: важно сейчас
have / has + третья форма. Опыт за всю жизнь (ever, never), результат (They have promoted him — он теперь повышен), already, yet, just.
for и since
Ситуация началась в прошлом и длится до сих пор: for six years (сколько), since 2020 (с какого момента). He has lived in Milan for six years. По-русски тут настоящее время: «живёт шесть лет».
| Past Simple | Present Perfect | |
|---|---|---|
| + | He moved to Milan in 2020. | He has lived in Milan for six years. |
| ? | When did you read it? | Have you ever lived abroad? |
| − | I didn’t call her yesterday. | He has never lived outside Italy. |
On Monday morning he opened his inbox.в понедельник — закрытое время
They have promoted him.результат важен сейчас
He has never lived outside Italy.опыт за всю жизнь
Запомни: Ловушка для русскоговорящих: «Я живу здесь шесть лет» — это I have lived here for six years, а не I live here for six years.
Practice
1. Leo ___ the email on Monday morning.
2. ___ you ever ___ abroad?
3. He ___ in Milan for six years, and he still lives there.
4. When ___ you ___ to London?
5. I’ve worked here ___ 2020.
6. They ___ him. He is the new rights manager now. (promote)
7. He ___ outside Italy before. (never / live)
8. Last year he ___ twelve deals. (close)